Comment et pourquoi, parmi tous ces évangiles rédigés entre le 1er et le 4e siècles, ceux de Matthieu, Marc, Luc et Jean furent-ils les seuls à avoir été retenus ?
Qu'apportent nos quatre évangiles au regard d'un historien ? Durant les premiers siècles du christianisme, d'autres évangiles (dits apocryphes) ont été rédigés. Quels sont leur intérêt ?
J’ai souvent préféré le mot auditoire à celui de destinataires des évangiles. Ceux-ci furent rédigés et édités en vue d’être lus publiquement, racontés à une assemblée, autrement dit à un auditoire spécifique qu’est la communauté chrétienne destinatrice.
Les évangiles de Matthieu, Marc et Luc sont qualifiés de "synoptiques" en raison de leurs nombreux passages similaires. Pour autant, ils montrent aussi certaines différences notables, entre eux comme avec Jean.
Qu’est-ce qui a motivé l’écriture de nos évangiles que l’on date, généralement, entre 70 et 90 de notre ère ? Existait-il des œuvres plus anciennes sur lesquelles nos écrivains hagiographes se seraient appuyés ?
La tradition et l’usage ont fait que nous attribuons le mot « évangile » pour désigner chacun de ces quatre livres. Mais que signifie ce terme et pourquoi a-t-il été préféré à un autre intitulé tel que « vie de Jésus » selon Matthieu, Marc, Luc ou Jean ?
Lorsque nous ouvrons le Nouveau Testament, nous trouvons en premier quatre évangiles : Matthieu, Marc, Luc et Jean ; et toujours dans cet ordre. Mais pourquoi ? Fallait-il quatre ouvrages, non un seul ou cinq ? Pour quelles raisons ceux-ci ont été « sélectionnés ?
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